His first independent paintings executed between 1916-18 showed the impact of Cézanne, Van Gogh, Matisse and Picasso. Although he traveled extensively, it was his homeland that he identified with the most. Miró was born in 1893 in Catalonia, Spain. Overall, Surrealism took the form of fantastic, absurd or poetically loaded images, which sprang from pure creative impulses, unrestrained by convention or laws. Freud’s conclusions about the subconscious and dream states were fundamental to this thought process. It focuses on meticulous attention to detail, where a recognizable scene or object is taken out of context or distorted. The second branch termed Super-Realism or Naturalistic Surrealism was headed by Dali, Roy, Magritte and Delvaux. Its origins are found in experiments of chance. It is dominated by automatism, which is a “dictation of thought without control of the mind.” Forms tend to border on abstraction although degrees of imagery can be detected. From its inception, Surrealism took on two directions: The first represented by Miró, Mason and Matta is termed organic, emblematic, biomorphic and even Absolute Surrealism. Artists became introspective, exploring their own irrationalities. The world had changed and so too did our understanding of reality.īetween the wars art lost some its raw, modern energy and became dominated by two philosophical movements, Dada and Surrealism, which primarily arose out of the atrocities of WWI. Einstein’s new toy blocks of time/space and mass/energy usurped old laws of science. On a more human level Freud and Jung and battled over the subconscious. This was the age of the machine as the first Model-T rolled off the assembly line and electrification and refrigeration entered our homes. Then closely on its heels followed WWII and the atomic bomb. WWI brought with it total warfare where civilians and soldiers alike were massacred. To understand the modern artist, Joan Miró it is essential to understand the political and social ramifications under which he lived and worked.
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